PHP

<?php
$s = "PHP is fun. Learning PHP with XAMPP is easy.";
echo "strlen: " . strlen($s) . ", str_word_count: " . str_word_count($s) . "<br>";
echo "strpos('PHP'): " . strpos($s, "PHP") . ", strrpos('PHP'): " . strrpos($s, "PHP") . "<br>";
echo "stripos('php'): " . stripos($s, "php") . "<br>";
echo "substr_count('PHP'): " . substr_count($s, "PHP") . "<br>";
echo "strstr('Learning'): " . strstr($s, "Learning") . "<br>";
echo "strrchr(' '): '" . strrchr($s, " ") . "'<br>";
echo "substr(-5): " . substr($s, -5) . "<br>";
echo "str_replace: " . str_replace("PHP", "Python", $s, $count) . " ($count replacements)<br>";
echo "str_ireplace('xampp','WAMP'): " . str_ireplace("xampp", "WAMP", $s) . "<br>";
echo "substr_replace: " . substr_replace("Hello World", "PHP", 6, 5) . "<br>";
echo "strtr: " . strtr("Hi all, I said hello", ["Hi" => "Hello", "hello" => "hi"]) . "<br>";
echo "str_starts_with('PHP'): " . var_export(str_starts_with($s, "PHP"), true) . "<br>";
echo "strtok: ";
$tok = strtok("red,green;blue", ",;");
while ($tok !== false) { echo "[$tok] "; $tok = strtok(",;"); }
?>

<?php
$csv = "Asha,Bhopal,82";
$parts = explode(",", $csv);
echo "explode: " . $parts[0] . " | " . $parts[1] . " | " . $parts[2] . "<br>";
echo "implode: " . implode(" - ", ["PHP", "MySQLi", "AJAX"]) . "<br>";
echo "str_split: " . implode(" ", str_split("ABCDEFGH", 3)) . "<br>";
printf("printf: %s scored %d marks (%.1f%%)<br>", "Ravi", 456, 456 / 5);
$s = sprintf("%05d | %-8s| %8.2f | %x | %b", 42, "left", 3.14159, 255, 5);
echo "sprintf: " . str_replace(" ", "&nbsp;", $s) . "<br>";
echo "vsprintf: " . vsprintf("%s is %d years old", ["Neha", 23]) . "<br>";
sscanf("Roll: 105 Name: Kiran", "Roll: %d Name: %s", $roll, $name);
echo "sscanf: roll=$roll, name=$name<br>";
parse_str("city=Bhopal&pin=462011", $q);
echo "parse_str: " . json_encode($q) . "<br>";
echo "wordwrap: " . wordwrap("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog", 15, "<br>", true);
?>

<?php
echo "strcmp('apple','Apple'): " . strcmp("apple", "Apple") . "<br>";
echo "strcasecmp('apple','Apple'): " . strcasecmp("apple", "Apple") . "<br>";
echo "strncmp('PHP8','PHP7',3): " . strncmp("PHP8", "PHP7", 3) . "<br>";
echo "strcmp vs strnatcmp ('img2','img10'): " . strcmp("img2", "img10") . " / " . strnatcmp("img2", "img10") . "<br>";
similar_text("World", "Word", $pct);
echo "similar_text('World','Word'): " . round($pct, 1) . "%<br>";
echo "levenshtein('kitten','sitting'): " . levenshtein("kitten", "sitting") . "<br>";
echo "soundex: Robert=" . soundex("Robert") . ", Rupert=" . soundex("Rupert") . "<br>";
echo "metaphone('Thompson'): " . metaphone("Thompson");
?>

<?php
$html = "<b>Tom & Jerry's</b> \"show\"";
echo "htmlspecialchars: " . htmlspecialchars(htmlspecialchars($html)) . "<br>";
echo "strip_tags: " . strip_tags($html) . "<br>";
echo "addslashes: " . addslashes("It's \"PHP\"") . "<br>";
echo "chr(65) = " . chr(65) . ", ord('a') = " . ord("a") . "<br>";
echo "bin2hex('PHP'): " . bin2hex("PHP") . "<br>";
echo "base64_encode('PHP 8'): " . base64_encode("PHP 8") . " → " . base64_decode("UEhQIDg=") . "<br>";
echo "urlencode('a b&c=d'): " . urlencode("a b&c=d") . "<br>";
echo "str_rot13('Hello'): " . str_rot13("Hello") . "<br>";
echo "md5('php'): " . md5("php") . "<br>";
echo "sha1('php'): " . sha1("php") . "<br>";
echo "hash('sha256','php'): " . substr(hash("sha256", "php"), 0, 32) . "…<br>";
echo "crc32('php'): " . crc32("php") . "<br>";
$h = password_hash("Secret@123", PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
echo "password_hash length: " . strlen($h) . ", starts with " . substr($h, 0, 4) . "<br>";
echo "password_verify: " . var_export(password_verify("Secret@123", $h), true);
?>

<?php
$values = [42, 3.5, "123", "12abc", "", null, true, [1, 2]];
foreach ($values as $v) {
    echo str_pad(var_export($v, true), 18) . " type=" . get_debug_type($v)
       . " numeric=" . var_export(is_numeric($v), true)
       . " empty=" . var_export(empty($v), true) . "<br>";
}
$x = "25.7 kg";
echo "intval: " . intval($x) . ", floatval: " . floatval($x) . ", intval('ff', 16): " . intval("ff", 16) . "<br>";
settype($x, "integer");
echo "after settype(integer): "; var_dump($x);
$data = ["name" => "Asha", "marks" => [82, 75]];
$ser = serialize($data);
echo "<br>serialize: $ser<br>";
echo "unserialize name: " . unserialize($ser)["name"] . "<br>";
echo "var_export: " . var_export(["a" => 1, "b" => true], true);
?>

<?php
define("COURSE", "PHP Basics to Advance");
$name = "COURSE";
echo "constant('$name'): " . constant($name) . ", defined: " . var_export(defined("COURSE"), true) . "<br>";
$id1 = uniqid(); $id2 = uniqid("INV-");
echo "uniqid lengths: " . strlen($id1) . " and " . strlen($id2) . " (prefix " . substr($id2, 0, 4) . ")<br>";
$start = microtime(true);
usleep(200000);                       // 0.2 seconds
echo "usleep(200000) took about " . round(microtime(true) - $start, 1) . " s<br>";
$bin = pack("nvN", 258, 258, 1);
echo "pack('nvN') length: " . strlen($bin) . " bytes, hex: " . bin2hex($bin) . "<br>";
print_r(unpack("nbig/vlittle/Nlong", $bin));
echo "<br>connection_status(): " . connection_status() . " (0 = normal)<br>";
echo "highlight_string:<br>";
highlight_string('<?php echo "Hello"; // greet ?>');
?>